One thing that needs to be considered isn't just whether a particular deer would have been killed but whether that hunter would have killed a deer with a shorter range weapon. In other words, would that hunter's success rate been different if he/she didn't have a longer range weapon. I'd guess in most cases, the answer is no.

Killing a deer isn't that hard, even with a 100 yard gun. And as far as population management, it is even easier to kill any doe with a 100 yard gun. So a hunter who wants to kill a doe will kill one with some exceptions of course even if they have to get within 100 yards of one.

In the end, the effect of HPRs on overall population is probably negligible. They probably did bump the harvest a point or two.